You can use as if to say how somebody or something looks/sounds/feels etc.:
* That house looks as if it's going to fall down.
* Ann sounded as if she had a cold, didn't she?
* I've just come back from holiday but I feel tired and depressed. I don't feel as if I've just had a holiday.
Compare:
* You look tired. (look + adjective)
You look as if you haven't slept. (look + as if + subject + verb)
* Tom sounded worried. (sound + adjective)
Tom sounded as if he was worried. (sound + as if + subject + verb)
You can use as though instead of as if:
* Ann sounds as though she's got a cold. (= as if she's got a cold.)
You can also say It looks/sounds/smells as if (or as though):
* Sandra is very late, isn't she? It looks as if she isn't coming.
* We took an umbrella with us because it looked as if it was going to rain.
* Do you hear that music next door? It sounds as if they're having a party.
* It smells as though someone has been smoking in here.
After It looks/sounds/smells, many people use like instead of as if/as though:
* It looks like Sandra isn't coming.
You can use as if with other verbs to say how somebody does something:
* He ran as if he was running for his life.
* After the interruption, the speaker carried on talking as if nothing had happened.
* When I told them my plan, they looked at me as if I was mad.
After as if we sometimes use the past when we are talking about the present.
For example:
* I don't like Norma. She talks as if she knew everything.
The meaning is not past in this sentence. We use the past ('as if she knew') because the idea is not real: Norma does not know everything. We use the past in the same way with if and wish.
Some more examples:
* She's always asking me to do things for her--as if I didn't have enough to do. (I do have enough to do)
* Harry's only 40. Why do you talk about him as if he was an old man? (he isn't an old man)
When you use the past in this way, you can use were instead of was:
* Why do you talk about him as if he were an old man?
* They treat me as if I were (or was) their own son. (I'm not their son)
EXERCISES
117.1 Use the sentences in the box to make sentences with as if.
it has just been cut I'm going to be sick he hadn't eaten for a week she was enjoying it she had hurt her leg he meant what he was saying he needs a good rest she didn't want to come
1. Mark looks very tired. He looks _as if he needs a good rest.
2. Sue was walking with difficulty. She looked ---.
3. I don't think he was joking. He looked ---.
4. The grass is very short. It looks ---.
5. Peter was extremely hungry and ate his dinner very quickly. He ate ---.
6. Carol had a bored expression on her face during the concert. She didn't look ---.
7. I've just eaten too many chocolates. Now I'm feeling ill. I feel ---.
8. I phoned Emma and invited her to the party but she wasn't very enthusiastic about it.
She sounded ---.
117.2 What do you say in these situations? Use You look/You sound/I feel as if... Use the words in brackets to make your sentence.
1. You meet Bill. He has a black eye and some plasters on his face.
You say to him: _You look as if you've been in a fight._ (be/a fight)
2. Christine comes into the room. She looks absolutely terrified.
You say to her: What's the matter? You ---. (see/a ghost)
3. Sarah is talking to you on the phone about her new job and she sounds very happy about it.
You say to her: ---. (enjoy/it)
4. You have just run one kilometre. You are absolutely exhausted.
You say to a friend: I ---. (run/a marathon)
117.3 Make sentences beginning It looks as if .../It sounds as if ...
you had a good time there's been an accident they are having an argument it's going to rain she isn't coming we'll have to walk
1. Sandra said she would be here an hour ago. You say: _It looks as if she isn't coming._
2. The sky is full of black clouds. You say: It ---.
3. You hear two people shouting at each other next door. You say: ---.
4. You see an ambulance, some policemen and two damaged cars at the side of the road.
You say: ---.
5. You and a friend have just missed the last bus home. You say: ---.
6. Sue and Dave have just been telling you about all the interesting things they did while they were on holiday. You say: ---.
117.4 These sentences are like the ones in Section D. Complete each sentence using as if
1. Brian is a terrible driver. He drives _as if he were_ the only driver on the road.
2. I'm 20 years old, so please don't talk to me --- a child.
3. Steve has only met Nicola once but he talks about her --- a close friend.
4. It was a long time ago that we first met but I remember it --- yesterday.
117.1
2 as if she had hurt her leg.
3 as if he meant what he was saying.
4 as if it has just been cut.
5 as if he hadn't eaten for a week.
6 as if she was enjoying it.
7 as if I'm going to be sick.
8 as if she didn't want to come.
117.2
2 You look as if you've seen a ghost.
3 You sound as if you're enjoying it. or ... as if you've been enjoying it.
4 I feel as if I've run a marathon.
117.3
2 It looks as if it's going to rain.
3 It sounds as if they are having an argument.
4 It looks as if there's been an accident.
5 It looks as if we'll have to walk.
6 It sounds as if you had a good time.
117.4
2 as if I was/were
3 as if she was/were
4 as if it was/were
